Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis, henna, Lawsonia alba- essence, neem, Axadirachta indica, and fenvalerate on adult stage of Chaetocnema tibialis under laboratory and field conditions
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عنوان دوره: سومین کنگره بین المللی حشره شناسی ایران
نویسندگان
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran,
چکیده
The chemical control of the pests causes environmental contamination, damage to natural enemies and serious dangers to human health. Therefore, alternative options such as bio-pesticides are in demand and essential. In this research, effect of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis (Novodor®) with henna and neem (Neemarin®) botanicals and fenevalerate were compared on Chaetocnem atibialis in the laboratory (25 ± 2 ºC, 57 ± 2% RH and 16: 8 h L: D) and field conditions. Flea beetle adults were collected from fields at three leaves stage of sugar beet by aspirator. Probit analysis was conducted to determine the lethal concentration of each compound in the laboratory conditions. Bioassay was carried out using leaf disc methods. For field trail, GLM-U analysis using the Henderson-Tilton formula was performed for assessing the individual and combined effects of compounds at 1, 3, 7and 14 days after treatment. The LC50 values of Bt alone, Bt in combination with neem, Bt in combination with henna and fenevalerate after 24, 48 and 72 h were 2972.65, 2222.76, 3847.37 and 272.39 and 1477.34, 2092.13, 2855.84 and 138.81 and 513.79, 1854.26, 2145.20 and 75.18 ppm at lab condition, respectively. In the field study, the percent mortality caused by Bt alone, Bt mixed with henna and Bt mixed with neem and Fenevalerate after 7 and 14 days were 38.47 ± 2.32, 44.37 ± 2.32, 42.37 ± 2.32 and 70.47 ± 2.32, and 42.06 ± 3.01, 52.53 ± 3.01, 50.03 ± 3.01 and 79.78 ± 3.01%, respectively. Also in pest damage assessment, the least damage were in fenevalerate and Bt mixed with Henna and neem treatments (4.66, 11.66 and 16.33%) and most damage was recorded in henna treatment followed by control (28.33 and 32%, respectively). The results of this study showed that Bt can be used in combination with neem and henna extract in the integrated management program of the pest in order to reduce pesticide usage.
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