Isolation and identification of entomopathogenic fungi from rhizosphere in vineyards of East-Azarbaijan, Zanjan and Qazvin provinces
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عنوان دوره: سومین کنگره بین المللی حشره شناسی ایران
نویسندگان
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran,
چکیده
Among the biological control agents, entomopathogenic fungi are an appropriate option in microbial control of phytophagous pests due to their worldwide distribution and species diversity. Soil is one of the most important sources of collecting these biological agents. However, the soil type, climate conditions and the type of vegetation are very effective in the flora of these fungi. During summer and autumn of 2018, native entomopathogenic fungi were isolated by Galleria mellonella (L.) larvae bait from the rhizosphere of important vineyards in the North-West of Iran including the counties of Maragheh and Malekan (East-Azarbaijan province), Abhar, Khorramdareh and Saeen-Qala (Zanjan province) and Takestan, Ak and Narjehin (Qazvin province). After the fungal mycelium growth and ensuring non-contamination with other pathogens, the mycelia were transferred on PDA and the isolates were purified using the hyphal tip method. Identification of fungal species was conducted based on morphology and sequencing of the genomic ITS-rDNA region using universal ITS-1 and ITS-4 primers. In this study, 30 isolates (38.46%) of entomopathogenic fungi were isolated and then purified investigating 78 soil samples collected from the rhizosphere of the vineyards. Accordingly, 30.77%, 5.13% and 2.56% of the fungi were isolated from the soils of East-Azarbaijan, Zanjan and Qazvin provinces, respectively. Based on the results of morphological and molecular studies, these isolates belonged to three species of fungi including Beauveria bassiana, Lecanicillium lecanii and Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae). In this study, the highest frequency of species in vineyards of East-Azarbaijan province was related to L. lecanii (50% of isolates) and in Zanjan and Qazvin provinces in relation to B. bassiana (50% and 40% of the isolates, respectively). Nevertheless, the results of this study indicated the high potential of soil for the isolation and identification of more entomopathogenic fungi. Moreover, the differences among the type and frequency of the fungal species collected and their comparison with other studies reflects the effect of soil type on the flora of the entomopathogenic fungi.
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