Metabolic resistance related to detoxifying enzyme activity in Iranian populations of Frankliniella occidentalis (Thys.: Thripidae)
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عنوان دوره: سومین کنگره بین المللی حشره شناسی ایران
نویسندگان
1Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran,
2Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran, zgholami66@
3Department of Pesticide Research, Iranian Institute of Plant Protection, AREEO, Tehran, Iran,
چکیده
The western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), is a serious pest of greenhouse crops in Iran due to direct feeding on the host plants, transmission of important plant viruses and its very high potential of resistance to insecticides. In this study, metabolic resistance to dichlorvos and abamectin were examined in greenhouse populations of F. occidentalis collected from Tehran, Markazi, Alborz, Qazvin, Isfahan, Yazd (M and B) and Kerman with different resistance levels. Accordingly, esterase activity towards alpha-naphthyl acetate and beta-naphthyl acetate, glutathione S transferase (GST) activity towards 1-Chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, cytochrome P450 monooxygenase activity towards 7-ethoxycoumarin (ECOD) and p-nitroanisole (PNOD) and normal acetylcholine esterase activity by acetylcholine iodide were assayed. Also, a non-denaturing gel electrophoresis of esterase activity was performed. Esterase activity in Yazd populations (resistance populations to dichlorvos – RF = 2.14 and 2.04 fold) was significantly higher than in the reference population (Isfahan) for both model substrates (Activity Ratio = 1.69 and 7.31 fold). ECOD activity in resistance population to abamectin (Alborz – RF = 59.57 fold) was 1.2 fold higher than Isfahan population whereas PNOD activity in Markazi population (RF = 16.71 fold) was higher than Alborz population. The highest GST activity was observed in Kerman population (AR = 1.33 fold) and normal acetylcholine esterase activity in Yazd B population (AR = 14.16 fold) was higher than others. Analysis of esterase zymogram showed that the highest intensities of esterase bands were for Yazd M and Yazd B. Moreover, results confirmed that cytochrome P450 interferes in abamectin resistance and also resistance to dichlorvos is due to increased activity of esterase and GST activity in resistance populations. Therefore, it can be suggested that the use of these two insecticides will be considered with carefulness.
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