(Comparative field study of various attractants of the Ethiopian fruit fly, Dacus ciliatus (Diptera: Tephritidae
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عنوان دوره: سومین کنگره بین المللی حشره شناسی ایران
نویسندگان
1Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran,
2Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Kermanshah, Kermanshah, Iran,
چکیده
Fruit flies are serious agricultural pests because of their direct damage to fruit through oviposition and larval feeding which can lead to loss of marketable crop. Mass trapping is one of the control methods of fruit flies by using different baits. We conducted a comparative study of different compounds to determine the best attractant of cucurbit flies by using the Mcphail trap. The effect of sugar beet molasses (3%), Ammonia Lure, Dacus ciliatus Loew pheromone, Hydrolyzed protein (3%) Ammonium acetate solution (3%), Apple vinegar (3%) and beer yeast (3%) were investigated in mass trapping of Dacus ciliatus using a completely randomized design with four replications in a cucumber field (3 ha) in 2018. Traps were installed on wooden stands (Height=1m) on 9th July and checked weekly and all captured insects were counted. Data was analyzed by using SAS software and mean comparisons were done by LSD Test (α=1%). Results revealed significant differences among the treatments. Mcphail traps baited with sugar beet molasses and Hydrolyzed protein caught more D. ciliatus of both sexes compared with those of other treatments. Pumpkin flies captured with sugar beet molasses compared to other treatments showed a significantly difference per week (16.79 ± 4.89). After sugar beet molasses, number of flies captured with hydrolyzed protein (14.45 ± 1.69), beer yeast (12.33 ± 1.60), ammonium acetate (10.95 ± 0.49), D. ciliatus pheromone (8.23 ± 1.00), apple vinegar (5.83 ± 0.42) and ammonia lure are at the next level, respectively. Average weekly captures of non-target insects such as Diptera, Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera and Coleoptera in sugar beet molasses, apple vinegar and hydrolyzed protein were 3.41, 2.68 and 2.60, respectively, but there was no significant difference among these treatments statistically. The lowest weekly captured of non-target insects were observed in D. ciliatus pheromone (0.98 ± 0.18), ammonia lure (1.03 ± 0.20) and ammonium acetate (1.17 ± 0.29), respectively, without significant difference among these treatments statistically. In conclusion, sugar beet molasses and Hydrolyzed protein are very efficient and economic attractants to entrap melon fly, therefore, they are recommended as the best baits for mass trapping of the Pumpkin fly in cucumber field.
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