Toxicity and sublethal effects of chlorfluazuron on the biological and biochemical parameters of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Iran
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عنوان دوره: سومین کنگره بین المللی حشره شناسی ایران
نویسندگان
1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
2Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
چکیده
Efficient control of Helicoverpa armigera is always controversial due to the extremely economic damage, resistance to insecticides and environmental pollutions. One strategy to manage insecticide resistance is switching among insecticide classes with different modes of action, and also using lower concentrations of insecticides for controlling the pest. Pesticides based on benzoylurea prevent chitin synthesis in many insects with no or only mild effects on fungi, parasitoids, and other natural enemies of insects. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine possible toxicity, biological and physiological discrepancies by evaluating some enzymatic and non-enzymatic components, followed by application of chlorfluazuron against H. armigera. Sublethal effects of hexaflumuron and lufenuron were assessed on H. armigera using LC10 concentration of chlorfluazuron. Results revealed that sublethal exposure to the tested insecticide significantly increased larval and pupal developmental times by 38% and 25%, respectively, and reduced larval and pupal weight by 76% and 29%, respectively. Furthermore, pupation rate, adult longevity and fecundity of the pest decreased in comparison to those of control after 72 h. Additionally, significant differences were observed in amount of some enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of the hemolymph in H. armigera after chlorfluazuron treatment. In larva exposed to LC10 of chlorfluazuron, activity level of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and γ-glutamyl transferase as enzymatic components increased. In contrast, levels of triacylglyceride, protein and lipid decreased in insects treated by chlorfluazuron. These results clearly indicated negative effects of chlorfluazuron on intermediary metabolism of H. armigera larvae that might lead to desirable mortality in pest population.
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