The effect of repellency and fumigant toxicity of encapsulated formulation of Artemisia sieberi Besse essential oil on Sitophilus oryzae L
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عنوان دوره: سومین کنگره بین المللی حشره شناسی ایران
نویسندگان
1Department of Plant Protection, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran,
2Pesticide Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, AREEO, Tehran, Iran
3.Pesticide Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, AREEO, Tehran, Iran, ,
چکیده
Nowadays the increased pest resistance to chemical pesticides and the pesticides residues in food, together with the toxic effects of pesticides on mammals and the environment, necessitates the use of newer and safer alternatives for controlling insect pests. The use of encapsulation technology for pesticides formulation has led to increase efficiency and control release of these substances. In this study, two formulations, containing Artemisia sieberi Besser essential oil based on biodegradable polymers such as polyethylene glycol, starch and maltodextrin were prepared as powder that we call them, formulations 1 and 2. These formulations are different in the amount and type of polymers and surfactants. Also, these formulations are combined with a different rotation speed of the homogenizer. The essential oil used in this study was purchased from Barij Essence Co. The adults of the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus), were grown in pest control laboratory at the Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection at 27 ± 1 °C, 70 ± 5% RH in darkness. After four generations, the adult insects of 1 to 3 days (in both sexes) were used for testing. The bioassay was performed in 280 ml glass jar on laboratory conditions that mentioned above in four replications. In each replicate, 10 adult insects were used, and also water was considered as control. For evaluation, fumigant toxicity of these formulations was compared with the ordinary essential oil. The experiments were carried out on adult stage of rice weevil at 27 ± 1 °C, 70 ± 5% RH and in total darkness condition. The results showed that the LC50 of the essential oil after 72 hours was 11.24 ppm, while the LC50 of formulations 1 and 2 were 57.55 and 23.94 ppm, respectively, after 72 hours. The repellency of the essential oil at the concentration of 15 ppm over a period of 6 hours was 100%, and then began to decrease, while formulation 1, caused 100% repellency in the first 24 hours after treatment and then reached 70% in 72 hours, but the formulation 2 maintained its repellency at 100% during 72 hours. Therefore, the encapsulation of plant essential oils as a safe pesticide with slow release and fumigant toxicity can be used in storage pest managements.
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