Effect of biotic and abiotic factors on population fluctuation of aphids in barley fields in Iran

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عنوان دوره: سومین کنگره بین المللی حشره شناسی ایران

¹Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, AREEO, Tehran, Iran,

²Esfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Esfahan, Iran

³Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Kermanshah, Iran,

⁴Lorestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Korramabad, Iran,

This research was carried out in order to study the population fluctuations of aphid and to investigate the effect of natural enemies and climate factors on the fluctuation of aphid populations in barley fields of Mahedshest area in Kermanshah, Alshtar in Lorestan and Kabotrabad in Isfahan provinces, Iran. For this purpose, 100 tillers were randomly visited in 10 parallel rows at intervals of 10 meters from each other, weekly. Parasitoids were collected from mummies and sweep net was used for collecting predators. The effect of natural enemies on aphids was determined using Stepwise regression method. Results revealed two species of Metopolophium dirhodum and Sitobion avenae in Lorestan, four species of Metopolophium dirhodum, Schizaphis graminum, Rhopalosiphum maidis and Diuraphis noxia in Isfahan, and five species of S. graminum, M. dirhodum, R. maidis, S. avenae and R. padi in Kermanshah as aphid species of barley fields. Studying population fluctuation of aphids showed that density and peak time vary from year to year. Two lady beetles of Hippodamia variegate and Coccinella septempunctata, lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea, six species of flower flies including Eopeodes corollae, Episyrphus balteatus, Eristalis arbustorum, Paragus compeditus, Sphaerophoria scripta and S. ruepelli, four species of parasitoid wasps, Aphidius matricariae, Praon volucre, Ephedrus persicae and Diaeretiella rapae and spiders Thyene imperialis, Thomisus cf. bundle, Thanatus sp., Xysticus sp., Zelotes sp., Trochosa sp. and Gnaphosa sp. were collected as natural enemies of the aphids. The population of different groups of natural enemies varied in different areas, so that lady beetles and flower flies in Isfahan, flower flies and parasitoids in Kermanshah, and spiders in Lorestan showed a significant correlation with the populations of aphids. The results of stepwise regression showed that minimum and maximum daily temperatures in Kermanshah, the minimum daily temperature in Isfahan and the average temperature and minimum relative humidity in Lorestan were effective on the population of aphids in barley fields.

aphid؛ Climatic factors؛ population fluctuation؛ Natural enemy؛ Barley