Effect of ultrasonic wave on reproductive biology of Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella Zell. (Lep.; Pyralidae)
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عنوان دوره: سومین کنگره بین المللی حشره شناسی ایران
نویسندگان
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran,
چکیده
English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) (Hem.: Aphididae), is an important pest causing severe damage to cereals throughout the world. Using fertilizers can be a key factor for pest management strategy in plant protection systems. In this research, the effect of Probio and Biofarm as plant growth promoting rhizobacterial (PGPR), as well as Librel Zinc and α-Iron (α-Fe) spray as two micronutrient fertilizers in comparison with control were investigated on secondary metabolites of wheat leaves and life table parameters of S. avenae in greenhouse conditions [set at 25 ± 5 oC, 60 ± 5% RH and 16:10 h (L:D)]. Life table parameters were calculated based on the age-stage, two-sex life table and bootstrap technique. There were significant differences among secondary metabolites in wheat leaves that had grown on various fertilizer treatments. The highest phenol and anthocyanin contents of wheat leaves were recorded on Biofarm treatment (343.73 and 2.23 mg/ml, respectively) and the lowest amounts were observed on Librel Zinc treatments (206.96 and 1.83 mg/ml, respectively). Life table parameters of S. avenae were also significantly affected by different treatments. The lowest fecundity of S. avenae was recorded on plants treated with Biofarm and Porobio treatments (5.33 and 9.16 offspring, respectively) and the highest value was observed on α-Iron treatment (35.32 offspring). The net reproductive rate (R0) of aphids fed on plants treated with different treatments varied from 4.58 to 25.44 offspring individual-1, with the lowest and the highest values on Probio and Librel Zinc treatments, respectively. The lowest and the highest values of intrinsic rate of increase (r) and finite rate of increase (λ) of S. avenae were obtained on Biofarm (0.018 and 1.056 day-1) and Librel Zinc (0.139 and 1.056 day-1) treatments, respectively. Thus, it was concluded that Biofarm in wheat plants can induce resistance to S. avenae that can be a suitable eco-friendly strategy to manage of the aphid.
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