The Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Anagyris foetida L. on two species of stored product
عنوان دوره: دومین کنگره بین المللی حشره شناسی ایران
نویسندگان
چکیده
Stored products are attacked by many insect groups including more than 600 species of beetle pests, 70 species of moths and about 355 species of mites causing quantitative and qualitative losses. So stored product Pests are most important factors to damage agricultural crops in all stores of the world. Tribolium confusum Duval (Col.: Tenebrionidae) and Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius (Col.: Chrysomelidae) are destructive pests of stored products in most region of Iran. Botanical products such as plant extracts and essential oils are generally favored for insect pest’s management because of their less harmful compounds affecting on non-target organisms and human health. Many plant compounds have shown a broad spectrum of activity against insect pests ranging from toxicity, antifeedant, repellent, oviposition deterrent and growth regulatory. In the current study, toxicity and repellency of ethanolic extracts of Anagyris foetida L. leaf and seed have been evaluated against C. maculatus and T. confusum at 27±1 °C and 60±5% Relative Humidity. Toxicity of leaf and seed extracts were investigated Filter paper method and mortality was recorded 24h post treatment. Each experiments war replicated 4 times and in every replication 20 insect were used. Also, the chemical compositions of extracts were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Furthermore, data analysis of experiments was done by Polo Plus and SPSS software. The probit analysis showed that the seed extract toxicity (LC50 value) of A. foetida on T. confosum and C. maculatus were 419.65 (377.54- 463.98) µgL-1 and 540.067 (490.21- 589.54) µgL1, respectively. Also, the leaf extract toxicity (LC50 value) of A. foetida on T. confosum and C. maculatus were 730.404 (666.38-794.83) µgL-1 and 663.684 (613.74- 714.23) µgL1, respectively. These results indicated that seed extract toxicity is more than leaf extract. Also, the result of repellency experiments showed that the seed extract has more repellency effect than leaf extract. These results along with gas chromatography (GC-MS) data proved that there is a strong relationship between toxicity and repellency with plant composition. So that, seed extract had more chemical compositions and then it had more toxicity and repellency against T. confosum and C. maculatus. It was concluded that the extract of A. foetida (especially seed extract) may be considered potentially useful as a source of natural pesticide for controlling of stored product Pests. However, it is required to consider other important aspects, especially effect of these products on beneficiary insects and also development of resistance to these natural products.
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