Host quality and temperatures affecting life table parameters of cowpea beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)
عنوان دوره: دومین کنگره بین المللی حشره شناسی ایران
نویسندگان
چکیده
The whole grain of chickpea is damaged by the cowpea seed beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), which is the most important field carry - over storage pest of pulses. In this research, effect of host diets including broad bean, cowpea and lentil in different temperatures (18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33 and 36 ± 1 °C) was studied in separate growth chambers, with 65±5% RH and photoperiod of 14:10 (L:D) h on the reproduction, life table and population growth parameters of the insect including: developmental time of immature stage, total pre-oviposition period (TPOP), oviposition period, total fecundity (number of eggs laid per female), longevity of female and male adult, gross reproductive rate (GRR value), net reproductive rate (R0 value) and intrinsic rate of increase (rm value) on C. maculatus. Our research showed that various host in different temperatures have significant effects on life history. The shorter development time was on cowpea at 33°C and the longest one was on broad bean at 18°C. Also, the highest fecundity was recorded for female developed from larvae fed on cowpea at 27 °C, while the lower one was detected on lentil at 36 °C. According to the obtained results, the females reared on broad bean (72.91 days) at 18°C had the longest TPOP period compared with the other legumes at different temperatures. The shorter and longer longevity of female adults C. maculatus were observed on lentil at 36°C and cowpea at 18°C. The highest and lower GRR and R0 were observed on cowpea at 27°C and lentil at 36°C. Also, the rm was highest when C. maculatus were reared on cowpea at 27°C. The lower rm value resulted from rearing the C. maculatus on broad bean at 18°C. The results indicated that cowpea was a relatively susceptible suitable host comparison to other seeds and broad bean were relatively unsuitable host for feeding of C. maculatus which could prove useful in the development of integrated management programs for this pest. According with these results, broad bean have potential applications for the integrated management of C. maculatus. The results suggest that this broad bean is the best cereals in the granary and this seeds could constitute compatible components for integrated management programs of this pest.
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