Effect of temperature and diet on biology of mealybug destroyer Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant feeding on vine mealybug Planococcus ficus (Signoret) under laboratory conditions
عنوان دوره: دومین کنگره بین المللی حشره شناسی ایران
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract
Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant (Col.: Coccinellidae) is a voracious predator of mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudoccocidae). This Mealybug destroyer usually reared on its natural mealybugs' hosts, that may be expensive and laborious. Recently, many researchers tried to find alternative feeding regime for its mass production. This study investigated : i) The effect of four constant temperatures 20, 23, 26 and 30 °C on different aspects of its biology, feeding with planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) and ii) The effect of alternative diets: [A) All stages of mealybugs; B) All stages of mealybugs +%10 commercial honey; C) Mealybugs eggs+commercial gelatinous; D) Aduld mealybugs only; E) Sheep liver extract+ distilled water; F) Liver extract+ vitamin B-complex and G) Eggs powder only]. This experiment conducted at 26 ± 2°C, 70 ± 5% r.h. and a photoperiod of 12:12 h(L:D) conditions. The average development time of C. montrouzieri under above temperatures were 51.38±0.69, 39.95±0.51, 28.13±0.54 and 23.47±0.29 days, respectively. Results indicated that development time and eggs mortality decreased with increasing temperature. The lower temperature threshold (TL) and the total summation of temperature to complete its life (DD) for eggs, larval, pupal and egg-adult stages, under our experimental condition, estimated to be (14.54 and 50.26), (14.41 and 149.7), (14.38 and 97.39) and (12.51°C and 371.8 degree days),respectively. The results obtained on the effect of seven different diets show that treatment "B" (%10 commercial honey + all stages of mealybugs) comparatively proved to be significantly better than the other treatments (p= 0.05). The development time, fecundity and the percentage of eggs' viability under this treatment recorded to be 70.3 days, 33 eggs and 73.22 percent respectively. According to the results obtained under this experimental condition we may conclude that a temperature of 30°C together with a diet regime of %10 commercial honey + all stages of mealybugs could provide an optimum condition for mass rearing of this predator.
Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant (Col.: Coccinellidae) is a voracious predator of mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudoccocidae). This Mealybug destroyer usually reared on its natural mealybugs' hosts, that may be expensive and laborious. Recently, many researchers tried to find alternative feeding regime for its mass production. This study investigated : i) The effect of four constant temperatures 20, 23, 26 and 30 °C on different aspects of its biology, feeding with planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) and ii) The effect of alternative diets: [A) All stages of mealybugs; B) All stages of mealybugs +%10 commercial honey; C) Mealybugs eggs+commercial gelatinous; D) Aduld mealybugs only; E) Sheep liver extract+ distilled water; F) Liver extract+ vitamin B-complex and G) Eggs powder only]. This experiment conducted at 26 ± 2°C, 70 ± 5% r.h. and a photoperiod of 12:12 h(L:D) conditions. The average development time of C. montrouzieri under above temperatures were 51.38±0.69, 39.95±0.51, 28.13±0.54 and 23.47±0.29 days, respectively. Results indicated that development time and eggs mortality decreased with increasing temperature. The lower temperature threshold (TL) and the total summation of temperature to complete its life (DD) for eggs, larval, pupal and egg-adult stages, under our experimental condition, estimated to be (14.54 and 50.26), (14.41 and 149.7), (14.38 and 97.39) and (12.51°C and 371.8 degree days),respectively. The results obtained on the effect of seven different diets show that treatment "B" (%10 commercial honey + all stages of mealybugs) comparatively proved to be significantly better than the other treatments (p= 0.05). The development time, fecundity and the percentage of eggs' viability under this treatment recorded to be 70.3 days, 33 eggs and 73.22 percent respectively. According to the results obtained under this experimental condition we may conclude that a temperature of 30°C together with a diet regime of %10 commercial honey + all stages of mealybugs could provide an optimum condition for mass rearing of this predator.
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