Evaluation of the ecological characteristics the vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in a new focus of Mohammad Abad Village ,Kerman Province, south-east of Iran
عنوان دوره: دومین کنگره بین المللی حشره شناسی ایران
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract
Objective: Following the massive earthquake of Bam in 2003, Mohammad Abad village has become a new focus of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis. The main goals of this study were to evaluate the fauna, seasonal activity and the host preference of sand flies and to determine the main vectors of ACL (Anthroponotic cutanous leishmaniasis) in Mohammad Abad, Kerman province, Bam County,south-east of Iran.
Methods: Sand flies were collected from indoors and outdoors by sticky paper traps from May to November 2015. Regarding the importance of host preference and its impact on leishmaniasis control, blood meal was analyzed by the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. The cytochrome b mitochondrial genomic regions (mtDNA) and enzymatic digestion of xhoI and Hae III were used for the diagnosis of human blood feeding. In the detection of leptomonad (promastigote) contamination in sand flies, a nested PCR method and high resolution melt (HRM) analysis techniques were exploited.
Results: A total of 920 sand flies were identified as belonging to 14 species in two genera; Phlebotomus spp. (5species) and Sergentomyia spp. (9species). The most frequently occurring species was Phlebotomus sergenti (67.39%), followed by Phlebotomus papatasi (19.34%). The highest indoor collection was realized in mid-July, and that of outdoor collection ensued in early August. A total of 250 sand flies were collected for host preference analysis, and120 sand flies belonged to the species of P. sergenti following RFLP confirmation. Twenty nine P. sergenti sand flies (32.5%) were identified to have fed on human. Nested- PCR and HRM analyses confirmed these sand flies had been infected with L.tropica.
Discussion: The results of blood meal assay show that, more than 80% of blood-fed P. sergenti female sand flies were collected from indoor areas. Remarkably, this particular sand fly species seems to be highly anthropophilic, and this confirms a strong dependence of sand flies o humans which helps to our understanding of the role of human in the transmission of L. tropica in this focus.The present study has confirmed P.sergenti as the main Phlebotomine sand fly vector for ACL infection caused by L.tropica in southeastern Iran.
Objective: Following the massive earthquake of Bam in 2003, Mohammad Abad village has become a new focus of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis. The main goals of this study were to evaluate the fauna, seasonal activity and the host preference of sand flies and to determine the main vectors of ACL (Anthroponotic cutanous leishmaniasis) in Mohammad Abad, Kerman province, Bam County,south-east of Iran.
Methods: Sand flies were collected from indoors and outdoors by sticky paper traps from May to November 2015. Regarding the importance of host preference and its impact on leishmaniasis control, blood meal was analyzed by the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. The cytochrome b mitochondrial genomic regions (mtDNA) and enzymatic digestion of xhoI and Hae III were used for the diagnosis of human blood feeding. In the detection of leptomonad (promastigote) contamination in sand flies, a nested PCR method and high resolution melt (HRM) analysis techniques were exploited.
Results: A total of 920 sand flies were identified as belonging to 14 species in two genera; Phlebotomus spp. (5species) and Sergentomyia spp. (9species). The most frequently occurring species was Phlebotomus sergenti (67.39%), followed by Phlebotomus papatasi (19.34%). The highest indoor collection was realized in mid-July, and that of outdoor collection ensued in early August. A total of 250 sand flies were collected for host preference analysis, and120 sand flies belonged to the species of P. sergenti following RFLP confirmation. Twenty nine P. sergenti sand flies (32.5%) were identified to have fed on human. Nested- PCR and HRM analyses confirmed these sand flies had been infected with L.tropica.
Discussion: The results of blood meal assay show that, more than 80% of blood-fed P. sergenti female sand flies were collected from indoor areas. Remarkably, this particular sand fly species seems to be highly anthropophilic, and this confirms a strong dependence of sand flies o humans which helps to our understanding of the role of human in the transmission of L. tropica in this focus.The present study has confirmed P.sergenti as the main Phlebotomine sand fly vector for ACL infection caused by L.tropica in southeastern Iran.
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