Species diversity and relative abundance of insects in by intercropping Chrysanthemum morifolium components with Trigonella foenum graecum
عنوان دوره: دومین کنگره بین المللی حشره شناسی ایران
نویسندگان
چکیده
Cultural control is a simple and inexpensive strategy for pest control that can be performed with different methods. Intercropping is a common method of crop production in many regions of the world’s mainly due to the resource efficiency and yield promotion. Increasing crop species diversity via intercropping is a simple and effective measure that offers advantages at reducing pest densities. To study the agronomic traits of Chrysanthemum morifolium intercropped with Trigonella foenum, the experiment was arranged as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replication. seven treatments were; (T1): T. foenum sole cropping (T2): Ch. morifolium sole cropping (T3): 50 percentage Ch. morifolium and 50 percentage T. foenum intercropping, (T4): 35 percentage Ch. morifolium and 65 percentage T. foenum, (T5): 35 percentage T. foenum and 75 percentage intercropping Chrysanthemum, (T6) 25 percentage Chrysanthemum and 75 percentage T. foenum intercropping and (T7) 75 percentage Ch. morifolium and 25 percentage T. foenum. T3, T4, T5, T6 and T7 intercropping system showed reduction relative abundance of pest compares to sole crop (T1 and T2). The sampling for insects were done weekly, the abundance of insect were recorded for each plot (one square meter) Result showed that population density of Aphis fabae in intercropping was significantly lower than that of sole cropping of T. foenum. Intercropping (T3, T4, T5, T6, T7) system showed a reduction percentage equal 70%, 51.3%, 39.1%, 46%, 49.5% compared to sole crop of T. foenum., respectively. The maximum number of common lacewing Chrysoperla carnea stephens, 1838 in one square meter was achieved in T3 and lowest number was obtained in pure stand of T1. The T3 and T5 treatments with ladybird Coccinella septempunctata L. 1758 per one square meter had the highest number, and parasitoid Lysiphlebus fabarum had high number of parasited aphids in T3, T4,T5, which it had significant difference with the other treatments. Chrysanthemum morifolium had more flowers and better supported natural enemies because they also fed on pollen. According to the superiority of Chrysanthemum morifolium and Trigonella foenum strip intercropping regard to reduce application of chemical chemical inputs, especially pesticides and chemical fertilizers, also intercropping system T3 can be introduced as suitable systems.
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