Study of Carum copticum L. (Apiaceae) oil duribility on Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) adults under greenhouse conditions
عنوان دوره: دومین کنگره بین المللی حشره شناسی ایران
نویسندگان
چکیده
Greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is one of the most injurious pests of greenhouse crops and ornamental plants in worldwide, both outdoor and indoor. This insect, feeding on plant sap, producing honeydew and transmitting plant viruses, causes quantitative and qualitative damages in plants. For controlling this pest in greenhouse, plant essential oils are mentioned instead of chemical insecticidals. So, in this research, fumigant toxicity and duribility of Carum copticum L. (Fam.: Apiaceae) essential oil on the adult pest were surveyed. Dry ground seeds were subjected to hydrodistillation using a modified Clevenger-type apparatus and the resulting oil contained Thymol (50.07%), Gama-Terpinene (23.99%), P-Cymene (22.9%), Myrcene (0.51%) and 1, 8-Cineole (0.5%). This research was performed with a completely random design with six treatments (five different concentrations plus control). Each concentration includes of three replicates and each replicate consisted of 20 adults. The LC50 value of the mentioned plant oil on T. vaporariorum was 1.10 µl L/L air. The stability estimated values for LC50 concentration on the 1st, 2nd, 6th, 9th and 12th days after application of ajowan oil on T. vaporariorum adults which was 1.78 day. That mortality percentage shows higher stability ajowan oil on T. vaporariorum adults. Because of harvested fresh daily this crops, the overuse of insecticides can be created detrimental effects to the health of consumers. The experiment findings showed mentioned oils has high impact on above insect and it will be suggested because of high potential in fumigant toxicity. In any case, conventional method in control of whiteflies in many countries, especially Iran, still is use pesticides and we suggested essential oil against chemical insecticidal in Integrate mentioned pest management programs in greenhouses.
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