Geographic Variation in Female Sex Pheromone of the carob moth, Apomyelois (=Ectomyelois) ceratoniae (Zeller, 1839) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
عنوان دوره: دومین کنگره بین المللی حشره شناسی ایران
نویسندگان
چکیده
The carob moth, Apomyelois (=Ectomyelois) ceratoniae (Zeller, 1839) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is a worldwide pest of several nuts and fruits including carobs, almonds, and dates. The pomegranate is one of the most ancient edible fruits. In Iran, pomegranates are grown in several climate regions. According to Shakeri (2015), up to 82540 hectares of this fruit have been cultured in Iran in recent years.The sex pheromone components, emitted by virgin female of A. ceratoniae were characterized by headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The low rate of release of pheromone from the gland, common to the most of the lepidopteran insects, is one of the limiting factors in pheromone research studies. “Monomorphic” variation occurs when geographically isolated populations of the same species use the same compounds in different ratios. As a result, sex pheromone components of the insect from different geographical regions of Iran were analyzed comparatively by SPME. We started an investigation to determine the level of individual variation in the female sex pheromone composition of carob moth in 2015 & 2016. By extracting pheromone glands of individual females from pomegranate population in Iran, the major component, (Z,E)-9,11,13-tetradecatrienal, and minor components, (Z,E)-9,11-tetradecadienal and (Z)-9-tetradecenal, identified different ratios in geographic regions.
The ratios of three sex pheromone components in regions of Iran are different from each other; that is, the Lorestan sample had a different ratio of 10:2.5:2.1 (trienal: dienal: monoenal). In addition, these ratios in other regions were:
10:1.3:0.7 in Zanjan,
10:1.3:0.5 in Razavi Khorasan,
10:1.2:1 in Mazandaran,
10:1.1:0.9 in South Khorasan,
10:0.9:0.9 in Sistan and Yazd, which is similar to the data ratio of Baker et al. (1991),
10:0.9:1.4 in Markazi,
10:0.5:1 in Semnan,
10:0.45:0.43 in Isfahan.
Considering the discrepancies in these ratios, it seems that there might be a conspecific relationship among carob moth species in Iran, which reveals monomorphic variation of sexual communication in this species.
The ratios of three sex pheromone components in regions of Iran are different from each other; that is, the Lorestan sample had a different ratio of 10:2.5:2.1 (trienal: dienal: monoenal). In addition, these ratios in other regions were:
10:1.3:0.7 in Zanjan,
10:1.3:0.5 in Razavi Khorasan,
10:1.2:1 in Mazandaran,
10:1.1:0.9 in South Khorasan,
10:0.9:0.9 in Sistan and Yazd, which is similar to the data ratio of Baker et al. (1991),
10:0.9:1.4 in Markazi,
10:0.5:1 in Semnan,
10:0.45:0.43 in Isfahan.
Considering the discrepancies in these ratios, it seems that there might be a conspecific relationship among carob moth species in Iran, which reveals monomorphic variation of sexual communication in this species.
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