Refrigerated storage and immersion in water as two effective methods to reduce pesticides residues in greenhouse crops
عنوان دوره: دومین کنگره بین المللی حشره شناسی ایران
نویسندگان
چکیده
Greenhouse products are subjected to contamination by pesticides which used to control pests and diseases. Poisoning of human beings and non-target animals, destruction of environment and bioaccumulation are just some of the problems caused by indiscriminate use of pesticides. Imidacloprid and abamectin are two widely used pesticides to control greenhouse pests in Varamin region (Tehran province, Iran). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of some household operations including refrigerated storage (48 hours), immersion in water (5 hours) and combination of these two treatments on reduction of pesticide residues in two most freshly consumed vegetables, cucumber and tomato. Sampling was performed in three randomly selected greenhouses of each crop in Varamin. Pesticides residues were extracted from samples according to QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) method and determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system equipped with UV detection and analytical column C18 (250×4.6mm). The results showed that crops were contaminated more than acceptable maximum residue level of these pesticides. Although in most cases, refrigerated storage treatment reduced pesticides residues more than immersion in water, their combination was the most effective treatment in reduction of pesticides residues. Interestingly, all clean-up treatments in both pesticides had better performance on cucumber in comparison with tomato. This may be due to the physiological nature of crops texture or their morphological characteristics (surface area to volume ratio, etc.). The immersion in water treatment was more effective in reduction of abamectin (more than 39% and 59% in tomato and cucumber, respectively) than imidacloprid (about 25% and 47% in tomato and cucumber, respectively) residue. This result is expected due to systemic mode of action of imidacloprid. Based on the results, combination of treatments caused imidacloprid residues reduction of 91.3% and 60.2% in cucumber and tomato, respectively, and abamectin residues reduction of 81.4% and 70.3% in cucumber and tomato, respectively. These findings showed that some easy, accessible and domestic solutions can dramatically reduce residues of these two common pesticides.
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